Kobieta w życiu codziennym XIX-wiecznego imperium osmańskiego – oczyma Osman Beya. Perspektywa socjologiczno-antropologiczna końca wieku XIX

[recenzja: Osman Bey, The Conquest of the World by the Jews. An Historical and Ethnical Essay, (La conquete du monde par les Juifs, Basel 1903)]

Zbigniew Landowski ID
Uniwersytet Gdański, Wydział Historyczny
https://doi.org/10.26881/kg.2024.2.10

numer: 2, rok: 2024

 

 

 

Woman in everyday life in the 19th-century Ottoman Empire – through the eyes of Osman Bey.
Sociological and anthropological perspective of the end of the 19th century

Abstract

Women's issues in the Ottoman Empire seen through the eyes of Osman Bey, an officer in the Ottoman service, became the content of a book published in 1848 entitled "Women in Turkey" (Les femmes en Turquie). The author divided the material of this publication into three parts: 1. Turks and their women 2. Slavery and harem and 3. Sultan's harem. The description presented in the book is offered from the point of view of pre-cultural anthropology, presents comprehensively various sociological aspects of a woman's place in the society of the Ottoman Caliphate at that time, analyzes the causes, describes and interprets the peculiarities of her status as a wife, mother, concubine and slave. He also attempts an intercultural comparative study of this topic - comparing the state of selected issues in Judaism, Christianity and Islam at that time.

Key words: Ottoman Türkiye, 19th century, woman, Osman Bey, Islam

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Życie codzienne kobiet w XIX-wiecznym imperium osmańskim oczyma Osmana Beya.
Perspektywa socjologiczno-antropologiczna końca XIX wieku

Abstrakt

Problematyka kobieca w imperium osmańskim widziana oczami Osmana Beya, oficera w służbie osmańskiej, stała się treścią wydanej w 1848 r. książki zatytułowanej Kobiety w Turcji (Les femmes en Turquie). Autor tej publikacji podzielił zawarty w niej materiał na trzy części: 1. Turcy i ich kobiety, 2. Niewolnictwo i harem, 3. Harem sułtański. Opis znajdujący się w książce reprezentuje punkt widzenia preantropologii kulturowej, przedstawia wszechstronnie różne aspekty socjologiczne miejsca kobiety w ówczesnym społeczeństwie kalifatu osmańskiego, analizuje przyczyny takiego, a nie innego jej usytuowania, opisuje i interpretuje osobliwości statusu kobiety jako żony, matki, nałożnicy i niewolnicy. Autor Kobiet w Turcji podejmuje także próbę komparatystyki międzykulturowej odnośnie do tego tematu, porównując stan wybranych kwestii w judaizmie, chrześcijaństwie i ówczesnym islamie.

Słowa kluczowe: Turcja osmańska, XIX wiek, kobieta, Osman Bey, islam

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